Comparing E460 - Cellulose vs E470AI - Sodium salts of fatty acids
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Popular questions
What is cellulose powder?
A purified, plant-derived insoluble fiber (E460) ground into a fine powder, used in foods as a carrier, anti-caking agent, thickener, and stabilizer; it isn’t digested by humans.
What is cellulose made of?
A linear polymer of D-glucose units linked by β-1→4 bonds ((C6H10O5)n). Food-grade cellulose is sourced from plant cell walls, typically wood pulp or cotton.
What is microcrystalline cellulose?
The microcrystalline form of cellulose (E460(i)), made by acid hydrolysis of purified plant cellulose. It’s used in foods as a bulking agent, anti-caking agent, and stabilizer.
What is powdered cellulose?
Finely ground purified cellulose (E460(ii)) obtained by mechanically processing plant fibers; it helps prevent caking, adds bulk, and modifies texture in foods.
What is cellulose gum?
A water-soluble cellulose derivative, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (E466), used as a thickener and stabilizer; it’s related to but distinct from E460 cellulose.
Explain why sodium salts of fatty acids, although they are salts, are not very soluble in water?
Their long hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails outweigh the small ionic (carboxylate) head, so they prefer to aggregate into micelles or lamellar phases rather than disperse as individual ions; solubility decreases with chain length and is generally lower for sodium than potassium salts.
What are sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids?
They are soaps—anionic surfactants (RCOO− Na+ or RCOO− K+) formed by neutralizing fatty acids with sodium or potassium hydroxide, used in foods as emulsifiers and stabilizers.
What are sodium salts of long chain fatty acids called?
They are commonly called soaps, for example sodium stearate or sodium palmitate.
What do the sodium salts of fatty acids taste like?
They have a characteristic soapy, slightly bitter/alkaline taste; at typical food-use levels they contribute little flavor but can cause a soapy off-note if overused.
What is special about sodium salts of fatty acids?
They are amphiphilic surfactants that lower surface tension and self-assemble (e.g., into micelles), enabling them to emulsify and stabilize fat–water mixtures. They can also form insoluble “soaps” with calcium or magnesium ions.