Comparing E339 - Sodium phosphates vs E450 - Diphosphates
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Popular questions
How are sodium phosphates made?
They’re produced by neutralizing food‑grade phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate to the desired ratio to yield mono-, di-, or trisodium phosphate, then crystallizing (often as hydrates); condensed polyphosphates are made by dehydrating/condensing orthophosphates at elevated temperatures.
How do saline enema sodium phosphates work?
They act as hyperosmotic salts that draw water into the colon, increasing volume and stimulating peristalsis to trigger a bowel movement; improper use can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, so they should be used only as directed.
How does sodium aluminate react with phosphates?
In water, sodium aluminate hydrolyzes to Al(OH)3, which binds phosphate and precipitates it as insoluble aluminum phosphate (AlPO4), especially near neutral pH—this is the basis for phosphate removal in water treatment.
How many meq of sodium does sodium phosphates have?
It depends on the specific salt and hydration: anhydrous NaH2PO4 ≈8.3 mEq Na per gram, Na2HPO4 ≈14.1 mEq/g, and Na3PO4 ≈18.3 mEq/g (hydrates contain less per gram); a typical adult sodium phosphate enema contains about 190 mEq of sodium.
How many sodium phosphates are there?
There are three main orthophosphate salts used in foods—monosodium, disodium, and trisodium phosphate—listed as E339(i–iii), plus various hydrates and condensed (polyphosphate) forms.
What is sodium acid pyrophosphate?
Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an E450 diphosphate salt used mainly as a leavening acid with baking soda and as a sequestrant to control color and prevent off‑reactions in foods like baked goods and potato or seafood products.
What is tetrasodium pyrophosphate?
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is an E450 diphosphate salt used as a sequestrant, buffer, and stabiliser to bind metal ions and improve water retention and texture in foods such as seafood, processed meats, and some dairy products.
Is sodium acid pyrophosphate bad for you?
It’s generally recognized as safe at permitted food levels; EFSA sets a group ADI for phosphates of 40 mg phosphorus/kg body weight/day. People with kidney disease or on phosphate‑restricted diets should limit phosphate additives, which can add to overall phosphorus intake.
What is adenosine diphosphate?
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a natural cellular molecule involved in energy transfer; it contains a diphosphate group but is not used as the food additive E450.
What is pyrophosphate in food?
In food, pyrophosphate (diphosphate, E450) refers to salts of P2O7 used as stabilisers, emulsifiers, sequestrants, thickeners, or leavening acids. Examples include sodium acid pyrophosphate and tetrasodium pyrophosphate, which help control leavening, bind metal ions, and improve texture or moisture retention.