Comparing E339 - Sodium phosphates vs E333 - Calcium citrates
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Popular questions
How are sodium phosphates made?
They’re produced by neutralizing food‑grade phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate to the desired ratio to yield mono-, di-, or trisodium phosphate, then crystallizing (often as hydrates); condensed polyphosphates are made by dehydrating/condensing orthophosphates at elevated temperatures.
How do saline enema sodium phosphates work?
They act as hyperosmotic salts that draw water into the colon, increasing volume and stimulating peristalsis to trigger a bowel movement; improper use can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, so they should be used only as directed.
How does sodium aluminate react with phosphates?
In water, sodium aluminate hydrolyzes to Al(OH)3, which binds phosphate and precipitates it as insoluble aluminum phosphate (AlPO4), especially near neutral pH—this is the basis for phosphate removal in water treatment.
How many meq of sodium does sodium phosphates have?
It depends on the specific salt and hydration: anhydrous NaH2PO4 ≈8.3 mEq Na per gram, Na2HPO4 ≈14.1 mEq/g, and Na3PO4 ≈18.3 mEq/g (hydrates contain less per gram); a typical adult sodium phosphate enema contains about 190 mEq of sodium.
How many sodium phosphates are there?
There are three main orthophosphate salts used in foods—monosodium, disodium, and trisodium phosphate—listed as E339(i–iii), plus various hydrates and condensed (polyphosphate) forms.
Does calcium citrate cause constipation?
At the small amounts used in foods (E333), it’s unlikely to cause constipation; at supplement doses, some people may experience it, but calcium citrate is generally less constipating than calcium carbonate.
Which is better for osteoporosis calcium citrate or carbonate?
Both can help if total calcium and vitamin D intake are adequate; calcium citrate is better absorbed (especially with low stomach acid) and gentler on the gut, while carbonate has more elemental calcium per tablet, costs less, but is more likely to cause constipation and should be taken with food.
Is calcium citrate the same as calcium?
No—calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid (E333) that supplies calcium; “calcium” refers to the elemental mineral itself.
What is the difference between calcium and calcium citrate?
Calcium is the elemental nutrient, whereas calcium citrate is a compound that delivers calcium bound to citrate (about 21–24% calcium by weight) and is used as a food additive (E333) and in supplements; the citrate form is more soluble and well absorbed.
Can calcium citrate cause constipation?
At food-use levels it’s unlikely; at supplement doses it can in some people, though it tends to cause less constipation than calcium carbonate.