Comparing E331 - Sodium citrates vs E451I - Pentasodium triphosphate
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Popular questions
What is e331 in food?
E331 is sodium citrates—the mono-, di-, and trisodium salts of citric acid—used mainly as acidity regulators/buffers, sequestrants, and emulsifying salts in foods like soft drinks and processed cheese.
How are sodium citrates used in molecular gastronomy?
They’re used to adjust and buffer pH, chelate calcium, and act as an emulsifying salt—commonly to make ultra-smooth, meltable cheese sauces and to tune acidity/calcium levels for techniques like spherification and stabilizing foams.
What are sodium citrates degradation byproducts?
Under normal food use they’re stable; with strong heating/combustion they decompose to carbon oxides (CO2/CO) and sodium oxides (and related inorganic residues).
Why does sodium citrates burn?
It isn’t flammable; any “burning” sensation typically comes from irritation of skin, eyes, or mouth at high concentrations due to its mildly alkaline, saline nature, and on heating it decomposes rather than sustaining a flame.
How many formula units of magnesium phosphate will be produced from 35.8 g of sodium triphosphate?
You can’t determine that from 35.8 g of pentasodium triphosphate alone—you need a balanced reaction and the amount of Mg2+ present, and in practice STPP mainly chelates magnesium rather than precipitating Mg3(PO4)2 unless it hydrolyzes to orthophosphate under specific conditions.
How much sodium triphosphate in dish soap?
Most household dishwashing liquids (and many automatic dishwasher detergents) now contain 0% phosphate due to regulations; some industrial/ institutional formulations can still include up to several–tens of percent STPP—check the product label or safety data sheet.
What chemistry experiment to do with sodium triphosphate?
Demonstrate water softening by comparing soap lather or measuring water hardness (EDTA titration) before and after adding a small, known amount of STPP to hard water.
What is pentasodium triphosphate toothpaste?
A toothpaste that includes pentasodium triphosphate (STPP) as a tartar‑control/whitening agent, binding calcium to reduce calculus and help lift surface stains; it’s used at low, safe levels for oral care.
What is pentasodium triphosphate used for?
As a food additive (E451i) it acts as a sequestrant, emulsifier and stabiliser to retain moisture and improve texture in processed meats/seafood and to control metal ions; outside food it’s widely used as a detergent builder and water softener, with an EFSA group ADI for phosphates of 40 mg/kg bw/day (as phosphorus).