Comparing E331 - Sodium citrates vs E450III - Tetrasodium diphosphate
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Popular questions
What is e331 in food?
E331 is sodium citrates—the mono-, di-, and trisodium salts of citric acid—used mainly as acidity regulators/buffers, sequestrants, and emulsifying salts in foods like soft drinks and processed cheese.
How are sodium citrates used in molecular gastronomy?
They’re used to adjust and buffer pH, chelate calcium, and act as an emulsifying salt—commonly to make ultra-smooth, meltable cheese sauces and to tune acidity/calcium levels for techniques like spherification and stabilizing foams.
What are sodium citrates degradation byproducts?
Under normal food use they’re stable; with strong heating/combustion they decompose to carbon oxides (CO2/CO) and sodium oxides (and related inorganic residues).
Why does sodium citrates burn?
It isn’t flammable; any “burning” sensation typically comes from irritation of skin, eyes, or mouth at high concentrations due to its mildly alkaline, saline nature, and on heating it decomposes rather than sustaining a flame.
What is sodium acid pyrophosphate?
You may be thinking of sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP, E450i), but this entry covers tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii), an inorganic phosphate salt used as a sequestrant, stabiliser/emulsifier, humectant and thickener. It helps bind metal ions, control pH and retain moisture in foods like processed meats and seafood.
Is sodium acid pyrophosphate bad for you?
At permitted food levels, tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii)—a related phosphate—is considered safe by major regulators; EFSA sets a group ADI for phosphates of 40 mg/kg body weight/day (as phosphorus). Very high phosphate or sodium intakes can be a concern for people with kidney disease or on phosphate‑restricted diets.
Is sodium acid pyrophosphate gluten free?
Yes—tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii) is an inorganic mineral salt and is gluten‑free. As with any ingredient, gluten risk would only come from cross‑contact during manufacturing, not the additive itself.
Is tetrasodium pyrophosphate safe?
Yes—when used within legal limits, tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii) is permitted and considered safe by regulators (e.g., FDA, EFSA/JECFA), with EFSA’s group ADI for phosphates at 40 mg/kg body weight/day (as phosphorus). People with kidney disease or needing to limit phosphate/sodium should moderate intake.
Is sodium acid pyrophosphate safe?
While you mention SAPP, for the related tetrasodium diphosphate (E450iii) the consensus is that it’s safe at approved levels, under the same phosphate group ADI set by EFSA (40 mg/kg body weight/day as phosphorus). Those with kidney issues or on phosphate‑restricted diets should limit exposure.