Comparing E331 - Sodium citrates vs E450 - Diphosphates
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Popular questions
What is e331 in food?
E331 is sodium citrates—the mono-, di-, and trisodium salts of citric acid—used mainly as acidity regulators/buffers, sequestrants, and emulsifying salts in foods like soft drinks and processed cheese.
How are sodium citrates used in molecular gastronomy?
They’re used to adjust and buffer pH, chelate calcium, and act as an emulsifying salt—commonly to make ultra-smooth, meltable cheese sauces and to tune acidity/calcium levels for techniques like spherification and stabilizing foams.
What are sodium citrates degradation byproducts?
Under normal food use they’re stable; with strong heating/combustion they decompose to carbon oxides (CO2/CO) and sodium oxides (and related inorganic residues).
Why does sodium citrates burn?
It isn’t flammable; any “burning” sensation typically comes from irritation of skin, eyes, or mouth at high concentrations due to its mildly alkaline, saline nature, and on heating it decomposes rather than sustaining a flame.
What is sodium acid pyrophosphate?
Sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an E450 diphosphate salt used mainly as a leavening acid with baking soda and as a sequestrant to control color and prevent off‑reactions in foods like baked goods and potato or seafood products.
What is tetrasodium pyrophosphate?
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is an E450 diphosphate salt used as a sequestrant, buffer, and stabiliser to bind metal ions and improve water retention and texture in foods such as seafood, processed meats, and some dairy products.
Is sodium acid pyrophosphate bad for you?
It’s generally recognized as safe at permitted food levels; EFSA sets a group ADI for phosphates of 40 mg phosphorus/kg body weight/day. People with kidney disease or on phosphate‑restricted diets should limit phosphate additives, which can add to overall phosphorus intake.
What is adenosine diphosphate?
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a natural cellular molecule involved in energy transfer; it contains a diphosphate group but is not used as the food additive E450.
What is pyrophosphate in food?
In food, pyrophosphate (diphosphate, E450) refers to salts of P2O7 used as stabilisers, emulsifiers, sequestrants, thickeners, or leavening acids. Examples include sodium acid pyrophosphate and tetrasodium pyrophosphate, which help control leavening, bind metal ions, and improve texture or moisture retention.