Comparing E330 - Citric acid vs E331III - Trisodium citrate
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Popular questions
Is citric acid bad for you?
At typical food levels, citric acid (E330) is considered safe by major regulators (GRAS; EFSA/JECFA). Concentrated or frequent acidic exposure can irritate the mouth/stomach or contribute to tooth enamel erosion.
Where does the citric acid cycle occur?
In eukaryotic cells it occurs in the mitochondrial matrix; in bacteria it occurs in the cytosol.
What does citric acid do to your body?
It is a normal intermediate in energy metabolism and is readily metabolized to carbon dioxide and water. Citrate can bind minerals, which may enhance absorption of some and help prevent certain kidney stones by increasing urinary citrate.
Where does citric acid come from?
It occurs naturally in citrus fruits, but most food-grade citric acid is produced by fermenting sugars (e.g., from corn, beet, or cane) with Aspergillus niger.
How is citric acid made?
Industrially, sugars are fermented with Aspergillus niger to produce citric acid, then it is recovered and purified—often by precipitating calcium citrate and converting it back with sulfuric acid or via ion-exchange/crystallization.
Is trisodium citrate bad for you?
No—trisodium citrate (E331iii) is widely used as a food acidity regulator and is considered safe at typical food levels (JECFA ADI: “not specified”); those on sodium-restricted diets or consuming very large amounts should be mindful of the added sodium and possible mild stomach upset.
What is trisodium citrate dihydrate?
It’s the hydrated crystalline form of trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7·2H2O); it functions the same in foods as a buffer/chelating agent, with the water of crystallization only affecting dosing by weight.
What is trisodium citrate used for?
In foods it serves as an acidity regulator/buffer and emulsifying salt (especially in processed cheese), and as a chelator that controls tartness and helps prevent oxidation; it’s also used to stabilize flavors in beverages.
During sample preparation, why must the solutions be buffered with trisodium citrate?
Citrate buffer maintains a controlled pH and chelates multivalent metals, helping prevent precipitation or oxidation and stabilizing analytes during preparation.
Fe during sample preparation, why must the solutions be buffered with trisodium citrate?
For iron analyses, citrate complexes Fe2+/Fe3+ and holds the pH where ferric hydroxide won’t precipitate, reducing losses and interferences from other metals.